Phone numbers as default eLife WiFi keys

Posted by Michael Hendrickx on February 13, 2013
internet, security, uae / No Comments

antsThe UAE’s internet is pretty much provided by two ISP’s: Etisalat and Du who provide broadband services to its customers.

Focusing on the largest of the two, Etisalat, they provide a eLife program that allows triple play services into the homes of their customer base, which include a WiFi network. The problem though is that many of these wireless access points are setup by Etisalat’s technicians themselves, sporting a certain convention for encryption keys; the client’s mobile phone number.

This mobile number convention is a limited keyspace, with just a few numbers short of 36 million possibilities. (8999999 * 4 prefixes). Knowing a possible key, helps tremendously in brute forcing the keys of a Wireless network. To create a list that creates all these numbers in a list, one could write that in Perl:

#!/usr/bin/perl
# generates 05[0256][1-9][0-9]{6} numbers
$| = 1;
foreach my $a (0, 2, 5, 6){
  foreach my $b (1000000..9999999){ print "05".$a.$b."\n"; }
}

*Note: this script can be optimized of course, since it will be unlikely that you’ll have networks with several repetitive numbers having a default eLife installation.

Another handy fact is that “default” eLife setups have their SSID configured as etisalat-XXXXX where XXXXX is a “random” number.

Aside from “having free Internet access” to load balance your torrent web surfing traffic, there’s a much greater risk here.

eLife is delivered with a Aztech HW550 3G wireless router. These devices have an embedded version of Linux available, and Aztech was so kind to have make the source code available. Alternatively, you can resort to OpenWRT’s efforts, but the latter might raise some suspicion if the original owners decide to change something about their WiFi network.

Now, the danger lies in the following scenario:

  • Attacker adds a backdoor into the HW550′s firmware.
  • Attacker cracks your wireless keys and accesses your network
  • Attacker accesses your wireless router (assuming you didn’t change the admin password)
  • Attacker uploads the new firmware
  • Attacker has access to your connection at all times, can use it to launch attacks and tunnel connections

Since the HW550 has a MIPS CPU of “only” 384 Mhz, and only 32 Megabytes of RAM, it can’t be used for heavy load network traffic, but you get the basic idea. Aside from creating “AP zombies”, one could redirect your traffic to do a MITM attack, etc …

So, to prevent this scenario from happening, choose a strong Wireless encryption key and change it regularly. Or, install OpenWRT yourself, or just get an other (better) Access Point.
That, and living inside a Faraday cage, so nobody picks up your wireless signals.

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Browa10: Brute force script for OWA 2010 servers

Posted by Michael Hendrickx on November 16, 2012
misc / No Comments

To quickly test the strength of passwords used by users on a domain, through an OWA (Outlook Web Access) 2010 interface.
Here’s the ruby code, and its README.

Please use this script responsibly and only against servers you’re authorized to audit.

UAE issues new decree to combat cybercrime

Posted by Michael Hendrickx on November 13, 2012
internet, security, uae / No Comments

The UAE has issues a new decree on “combating cyber crimes”. This decree, available in three parts (here, here and here) stipulates recent do’s and don’ts that amend the previous decree dated from 5 years ago.

In a world where we see religiously offensive cartoons and movements such as Occupy Wall Street, and all its derivatives; many countries in the region have had uprisings against their governments. This protests have largely been made possible due to technology.

Be warned though, although it is widely known that the promotion of prostitution and gambling is illegal in the country, some rules may not be so obvious. If you try to raise funds for a cause which isn’t authorized, you could end up in trouble.

keyspace limitations

Posted by Michael Hendrickx on July 03, 2012
security / No Comments

I can’t really say which website this is, but it’s a middle eastern telecommunication company.

Maximum 8 character password, in 2012, really?

But then again, in a confirmation email, I noticed that these guys store the password in cleartext. Is diskspace really that expensive that we have to make it a VARCHAR(8)? I know these guys have an internal IT security department, wonder why.

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Why this kolaveri 3? Living up to the hype.

Posted by Michael Hendrickx on May 14, 2012
misc / No Comments

A few days ago, I read a post where the founder of the video and photo sharing application Color gives feedback on the much talked about 1 Billion dollar Instagram buyout.

Color came little over a year ago, creating great promises towards sharing pictures with your fellow nearby smartphone users; rather than facebook’s lame and weird single perspective on life.

Fast forward a year, and unlike color, Instagram became a hot entrepreneurial topic; how can a iOS-only photo sharing application be acquired for 10 digits. It seems the latter remained humble and focused on the product, refrained from passing to many negative comments and so on, and it created a nice product, rather than creating a hype.

Another hype phenomenon can be seen in the indian tamilian movie 3, the movie of the internet meme “Kolaveri D”. Although the tamil song created a large hype, the movie seemed to be less successful. Much different to color, there was no arrogance or anything; the movie simply didn’t live up to the hype.

The iPhone 4S was a bit of a let down, not because it is a bad device, yet the world was expecting an iPhone 5. It (the world) created a hype.

Although I’m not really in any position to say how to run your business, but ease down on the hype. Create a kick-ass product, the hype will just be substituted by word of mouth. And that’s what you want.

How to fake it with Alexa?

Posted by Michael Hendrickx on February 16, 2012
fun, internet / No Comments

Many people ask me why their website has a low Alexa rank. Alexa, an Amazon-owned analytics service shows and ranks different websites and can even tell one the audience their website is getting; including gender, education and age groups. The question often remains; How does Alexa work? Do they monitor the entire Internet?

The answer is a lot less mythical; it uses statistics from users who download the Alexa Toolbar (and fill in their gender, education, etc) and visit your website. It is commonly statistical sampling and has been done for the past 60 years for tv shows.

Being an engineer at heart, How does Alexa work? A little analysis at hand. Furthermore, with some scripting, you can boost your Alexa ratings quite a bit. Continue reading…

The Android Ipad

Posted by Michael Hendrickx on January 24, 2012
fun, misc / No Comments

A fake, android powered iPad in Dragon Mart.

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Privacy in a widgeted world

Posted by Michael Hendrickx on November 29, 2011
internet, security / No Comments

The Internet as we use it today, has very little privacy left. We all say that Facebook and Google know “too much”, only to realise that they don’t know anything aside from what we feed them, or do they?

Welcome the “widget”. A piece of html (with css, javascript..) to be included in another page, often to socially spread content (Facebook Like, Google +1, LinkedIN share, etc), or other added value (Analytics, sharing, etc) will tell many “providers” what content you are accessing.

It is difficult now to find a popular page without any widgets. Pages pack “like” buttons, “share this” widgets or tweet options to give you a instant way of sharing their content in your social network – banking on good ‘ole word of mouth marketing. If your friends like something, you might be interested also, even if it was only for peer pressure.

The problem that when something (such as the widget) is requested, browser data (such as your session’s information and the referer) also flow to the widget provider’s webserver. This provider will know what page you’re on and usually who you are (assuming you stay logged in into google, twitter, facebook, etc)

Thinking “but if I like a page, facebook will know it anyways“. This is true; the problem lies in the fact that providers know you’re accessing a page, regardless of performing any action (liking, sharing, etc). If you read X number of pages on a new model smartphone, chances are big you want to buy another one – and targeted ads become more… targeted.

From that advertising point of view, it creates mixed feelings. It’s like somebody overlooking your shoulder while you’re reading a magazine and changes the ads accordingly to which article you were staring at longer.

From a website owner point of view, this does create added value. If you can convince to have websites publish your widget code, you can track people’s interests, even before they ever came to your website. This (unidentifiable) user eventually ends up on your web app, identifies him/her self and you have great information. I’m just not sure how ethical this is, and even though Facebook’s outdated law enforcement guidelines don’t hold “webpages visited” in particular, they would have access to it.

Is this such a bad thing? Perhaps. “Widget providers” offer added value to website owners, who in turn decide what goes into their webpages. Vague idea, but maybe a browser extension could prevent the loading of these widgets, replacing them with a pseudo equivalent (fake buttons, etc) and only dynamically load the target script upon a click?

Food for thought. Now, look at the buttons below, they know you’ve been here already.

Rails, what’s wrong with serving static JS and CSS files?

Posted by Michael Hendrickx on October 05, 2011
Javascript, rails / 1 Comment

For a new web project, I’ve been looking at Rails 3.1, the latest update of the popular Ruby on Rails web application framework.

Although I just started on it, and haven’t seen all the goodness, one thing that raised my eyebrows is how static content a la CSS and JavaScript is handled, through an asset pipeline.

In a nutshell, since I’m doing the JQuery bit of the site now, wouldn’t it make much more sense to fetch the libraries from CDN’s, cache the remaining recurring libraries in Nginx (or Apache), and leaving the page specific bits in one big <script> tag, instead of pushing all in a bloated application.js page?

Then again, although I think Rails was what the web community needed, I always had my ideas about frameworks.

Thanks,
Michael

JQlog: JQuery Keylogger, or why not to trust your proxy admin.

Posted by Michael Hendrickx on June 06, 2011
Javascript, security, web / 4 Comments
Note that this post is for awareness and educational purposes only. I do not encourage, and cannot be held responsible for malicious actions using these tools.

The Internet, as it is today, is a mash-up of JavaScript enabled services, often included from external websites. Internet companies offer so-called widgets, which are JavaScript tools that can be used in your own page. Popular examples of this are site analytics (Omniture, Google Analytics, etc) or share-abilities (AddThis, AddToAny, …). It’s by overwriting Javascript libraries on a page, that we can do other things, such as recording keystrokes.

“Overwriting” javascript libraries, or rather “inserting javascript” can be done in several ways. Cross Site Scripting is one of them, but for the sake of this blog post, I will act as a malicious proxy administrator, and overwrite the Google Analytics DNS entry (www.google-analytics.com) and “fake” the ga.js javascript file.

For this, you’d need only 2 files:

This javascript file, found here, holds 3 parts: JQuery, a base64 encoder and the keylogger code itself: Continue reading…

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